Apparatus and system

ABSTRACT

An apparatus according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes a communication module that includes a transmitter that carries out an uplink transmission of an uplink shared channel (physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)), and a processor that controls a transmission power used in the uplink transmission based on: a value that is calculated based on a number of resource blocks of the uplink transmission and one of a plurality of numerologies having different subcarrier spacings, and a transmission power command (TPC) included in a downlink control information (DCI) format, wherein information about the one of the plurality of numerologies is received via higher layer signaling; and an input apparatus that accepts an input, wherein the PUSCH contains information based on the input. In another aspect, a system is also disclosed.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation application and, thereby,claims benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/346,737 filed on May 1, 2019, titled, “USER TERMINAL AND RADIOCOMMUNICATION METHOD,” which is a national stage application of PCTApplication No. PCT/JP2017/039620, filed on Nov. 1, 2017, which claimspriority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-215714 filed on Nov. 2,2016. The contents of the priority applications are incorporated byreference in their entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a user terminal and a radiocommunication method of a next-generation mobile communication system.

BACKGROUND ART

In Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks, for thepurpose of higher data rates and low latency, Long Term Evolution (LTE)has been specified (Non-Patent Literature 1). Furthermore, for thepurpose of wider bands and a higher speed than LTE (also referred to asLTE Rel. 8 or 9), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A that is also referred to as LTERel. 10, 11 or 12) has been specified, and successor systems of LTE(also referred to as, for example, Future Radio Access (FRA), the 5thgeneration mobile communication system (5G), New Radio (NR), New radioaccess (NX), Future generation radio access (FX) or LTE Rel. 13, 14, 15or subsequent releases) have been also studied.

LTE Rel. 10/11 have introduced Carrier Aggregation (CA) that aggregatesa plurality of carriers (Component Carriers (CCs) or cells) to obtain awider band. A system band of LTE Rel. 8 is one unit that composes eachcomponent carrier. Furthermore, according to CA, a plurality of CCs ofthe same radio base station (eNB: eNodeB) is configured to a userterminal (UE: User Equipment).

Furthermore, LTE Rel. 12 has introduced Dual Connectivity (DC), too,that configures a plurality of Cell Groups (CGs) of different radio basestations to user terminals. Each cell group includes at least onecarrier (a CC or a cell). DC aggregates a plurality of carriers of thedifferent radio base stations and therefore is also referred to asInter-base station CA (inter-eNB CA).

Furthermore, legacy LTE systems (e.g., LTE Rel. 8 to 13) performcommunication on DownLink (DL) and/or UpLink (UL) by using TransmissionTime Intervals (TTIs) of one ms. This TTI of one ms is a transmissiontime unit of one channel-coded data packet, and is a processing unit ofscheduling, link adaptation and retransmission control (HARQ-ACK: HybridAutomatic Repeat reQuest-Acknowledge). The TTI of one ms is alsoreferred to as a subframe or a subframe length.

CITATION LIST Patent Literature

-   Non-Patent Literature 1: 3GPP TS 36.300 Rel.8 “Evolved Universal    Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial    Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2”

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Technical Problem

Various techniques such as numerologies and beam forming are assumed tobe introduced to the successor systems of LTE to meet requests forvarious types of communication. As these techniques are introduced,there is a risk that transmission power control used by legacy LTEcannot be used as is. Hence, it is demanded to appropriately controltransmission power for the various techniques to be introduced.

The present invention has been made in light of this point, and one ofobjects of the present invention is to provide a user terminal and aradio communication method that can appropriately control transmissionpower for various techniques to be introduced for radio communication.

Solution to Problem

A user terminal according to one aspect includes: a transmission sectionthat transmits an uplink signal; and a control section that controlstransmission power of the uplink signal based on at least one ofreceived power of a user terminal specific reference signal to whichdownlink beam forming has been applied and/or received power of areference signal associated with the downlink beam forming, and aTransmission Power Control (TPC) command included in downlink controlinformation.

A user terminal according to one aspect includes: a transmission sectionthat transmits an uplink signal; and a control section that controlstransmission power of the uplink signal based on bandwidth informationrelated to a bandwidth to be allocated to the uplink signal, and thebandwidth information is an absolute value of the bandwidth to beallocated to the uplink signal, or a value computed based on a number ofresource blocks to be allocated to the uplink signal, and a numerology.

Technical Advantage of the Invention

According to the present invention, it is possible to appropriatelycontrol transmission power for various techniques to be introduced forradio communication.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an increase in the number of symbolsof one subframe caused by using a high frequency band.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams illustrating a configuration example of ashortened TTI.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams for explaining coverages in cases wherebeam forming is applied and is not applied.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams for explaining a correction value (bPUSCH)matching a TPC command.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining transmission power control.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining transmission power control.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams for explaining cases where a Tx/Rxreciprocity cannot be used.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating one example of a schematicconfiguration of a radio communication system according to the presentembodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating one example of an overall configurationof a radio base station according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating one example of a functionconfiguration of the radio base station according to the presentembodiment.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating one example of an overallconfiguration of a user terminal according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating one example of a functionconfiguration of the user terminal according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating one example of hardware configurationsof the radio base station and the user terminal according to the presentembodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

A future radio communication system (e.g., LTE Rel. 14 or 15, 5G or NR)is expected to realize various radio communication services whilemeeting respectively different request conditions (e.g., an ultra highspeed, a large volume and ultra low latency).

For example, it is studied for 5G to provide radio communication servicethat is referred to as enhanced Mobile Broad Band (eMBB), Internet ofThings (IoT), Machine Type Communication (MTC), Machine To Machine (M2M)and Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC). In thisregard, M2M may be referred to as Device To Device (D2D) or Vehicle toVehicle (V2V) depending on devices to communicate with. To meet therequest for the above various types of communication, it is studied todesign a new communication access scheme (New Radio Access Technology(RAT)).

It is desired for NR to accommodate various services such as high speedand large volume communication (massive connection (mMTC: massive MTC)from a device (user terminal) for Machine to Machine (M2M) communicationsuch as eMBB, IoT or MTC)), and low latency and ultra reliablecommunication (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication (URLLC)) ina single framework. URLLC is demanded to provide a higher latencyreduction effect than those of eMBB and mMTC.

Furthermore, NR is assumed to support a wide frequency band including ahigh frequency. More specifically, the wide frequency band is afrequency band such as a contiguous 800 MHz bandwidth or a 2 GHzbandwidth in a frequency band equal to or more than 6 GHz. It is assumedthat a plurality of operators or a single operator use such a widefrequency band.

To support the above various services, it is assumed to introduce one ormore numerologies. The numerologies are a set of communicationparameters (radio parameters) in frequency and/or time directions. Thesecommunication parameters include at least one of, for example, asubcarrier spacing, a bandwidth, a symbol length, a CP time duration (CPlength), a subframe length, a TTI time duration (TTI length), the numberof symbols per TTI, a radio frame configuration, filtering processingand windowing processing.

In addition, in legacy LTE systems, a user terminal performscommunication on DL and/or UL by using the TTI having a time duration ofone ms. This TTI may be also referred to as a normal TTI, a TTI, asubframe, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a long subframe, a legacy TTIor a scheduling unit, and may include two slots. Furthermore, eachsymbol in the normal TTI is added with a Cyclic Prefix (CP). When anormal CP (e.g., 4.76 μs) is added to each symbol, the normal TTI isconfigured to include 14 symbols (seven symbols per slot) (see FIG. 1).Furthermore, a TTI (e.g., a TTI less than one ms) shorter than those ofthe legacy LTE systems may be referred to as a shortened TTI or a shortTTI.

When, for example, a subcarrier spacing is widened for multicarriertransmission such as OFDM as one of the numerologies, the symbol lengthbecomes short (the symbol length and the subcarrier spacing have arelationship of reciprocals), and therefore it is considered to increasethe number of symbols per subframe (see FIG. 1). Similarly, in a case ofSC transmission (DFT-spread OFDM transmission), too, when a highfrequency band is used to widen a band, the symbol length becomes short,and therefore it is considered to increase the number of symbols persubframe.

On the other hand, it is also considered to employ the shortened TTI,and adjust the number of symbols per scheduling unit to the existingnumber or less. FIG. 2A illustrates a configuration of 14 OFDM symbols(or SC-FDMA symbols) the number of which is the same as that of thegeneral TTI, and each OFDM symbol (each SC-FDMA symbol) has a symbollength that is shorter than a symbol length (=66.7 μs) of the generalTTI. FIG. 2B illustrates a configuration of OFDM symbols (or SC-FDMAsymbols) the number of which is smaller than that of the general TTI,and each OFDM symbol (each SC-FDMA symbol) has a symbol length (=66.7μs) that is the same as that of the general TTI.

Furthermore, to support the above various services, it is alsoconsidered to expand a coverage by applying beam forming to a highfrequency band. When, for example, beam forming is not applied asillustrated in FIG. 3A, a signal transmitted from a transmission point(a radio base station or a user terminal) is limited to a fixed coveragewhose center is the transmission point. On the other hand, when beamforming is applied, a signal transmitted from the transmission pointbecomes a signal whose amplitude and/or phase are controlled and thathas directionality. Hence, as illustrated in FIG. 3B, a region that islocated far from the transmission point and is limited compared to acase where beam forming is not applied can be formed as a coverage.

However, as the above various techniques (the numerologies and beamforming) are introduced, there is a probability that legacy transmissionpower control cannot be used as is. When, for example, a subcarrier is15 kHz, a bandwidth of one RB is 180 kHz. However, when this bandwidthis configured by two-fold numerologies, the bandwidth is 360 kHz, andtransmission power control used by legacy LTE cannot be applied (or evenwhen the transmission power control is applied, the number of PRBsallocated to a signal is not reflected in transmission power, and thetransmission power cannot be appropriately controlled).

In view of such a situation, the inventors of the present invention havestudied a transmission power control method that can optimally controltransmission power for the various techniques to be introduced whileutilizing legacy transmission power control, and have arrived at thepresent invention. More specifically, the inventors of the presentinvention have conceived an idea of using path-loss estimated by using adownlink UE specific reference signal to which downlink beam forming hasbeen applied and/or a reference signal associated with a beam, orReference Signal Received Power (RSRP), and/or determining a correctionvalue indicated by a Transmission Power Control (TPC) command accordingto application of beam forming or a beam forming mode. Furthermore, theinventors of the present invention have conceived an idea of using for abandwidth (the number of Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs)) used fortransmission power control an absolute value of a bandwidth to beallocated to an uplink signal (e.g., a Physical Uplink Shared Channel(PUSCH), a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) or a SoundingReference Signal (SRS)), or a value computed based on the number ofresource blocks and the numerologies.

(Radio Communication Method)

(First Aspect)

The first aspect of the radio communication method according to oneembodiment of the present invention will be described below. This radiocommunication method controls transmission power of an uplink signaltransmitted from a user terminal. In addition, the first aspect of thepresent embodiment will be described targeting at an uplink sharedsignal (PUSCH) as a transmission power control target uplink signal.

According to this radio communication method, transmission powerP_(PUSCH,c)(i) of the PUSCH in a subframe i of a cell c can be expressedby following equation (1). In addition, above equation (1) employsfractional Transmission Power Control (TPC) that increases atransmission power target value when path-loss is little (closer to aradio base station).

[Mathematical  1] $\begin{matrix}{{P_{{PUSCH},c}(i)} = {\min{\begin{Bmatrix}{{{P_{{CMAX},c}(i)},}\mspace{599mu}} \\{{10{\log_{10}\left( {M_{{PUSCH},c}(i)} \right)}} + {P_{{O\_{PUSCH}},c}(j)} + {{\alpha_{c}(j)} \cdot {PL}_{c}} + {\Delta_{{TF},c}(i)} + {f_{c}(i)}}\end{Bmatrix}\mspace{14mu}\lbrack{dBm}\rbrack}}} & \left( {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 1} \right)\end{matrix}$

In this regard, P_(CMAX,c)(i) is maximum transmission power of the userterminal. M_(PUSCH,c)(i) is a bandwidth (e.g., the number of resourceblocks) for the PUSCH allocated to the user terminal according to legacyLTE. However, according to the radio communication method,M_(PUSCH,c)(i) indicates an absolute value of a bandwidth to beallocated to an uplink signal.

More specifically, when one subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz, one PRB isallocated to a control target uplink signal and, furthermore, one PRBincludes 12 subcarriers, 180 kHz (15 kHz×12) is M_(PUSCH,c)(i).Furthermore, when one PRB includes 16 subcarriers under the aboveconditions, M_(PUSCH,c)(i) is 240 kHz.

Furthermore, when two-fold numerologies are configured to a subcarrierspacing (one subcarrier spacing=30 kHz), one PRB is allocated to thetransmission power control target uplink signal, and, when one PRBincludes 12 subcarriers, M_(PUSCH,c)(i) is 360 kHz (30 kHz×12).

Thus, according to this radio communication method, M_(PUSCH,c)(i)indicates an absolute value of a bandwidth to be allocated to an uplinksignal, so that transmission power control that uses M_(PUSCH,c)(i) ispower control that reflects the numerologies. The absolute value of thebandwidth may be notified to the user terminal as bandwidth informationby higher layer signaling that uses at least one of an MIB, an SIB andRRC. Furthermore, the absolute value of the bandwidth may be dynamicallynotified by L1/L2 signaling.

P_(0_PUSCH,c)(j) is a parameter (e.g., a parameter related to atransmission power offset) (referred to as a target received powerparameter below) related to target received power (target received SNR:Signal to Noise Ratio). “j” represents a parameter that specifies a ULgrant type. α_(c)(j) is a weight coefficient of a fractional TPC.

PL_(c) is path-loss (propagation loss). Legacy LTE is applied a valueobtained by subtracting RSRP (higher layer filtered RSRP) from referencesignal transmission power (reference Signal Power) notified from theradio base station. This radio communication method uses path-lossestimated based on a downlink UE specific reference signal to which beamforming has been applied and/or a reference signal associated (having anassociation) with a beam, or Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) fortransmission power control.

More specifically, PL_(c) is found by using the downlink UE specificreference signal or the reference signal associated with a beam. Whenbeam forming is applied, a value obtained by subtracting beam-formedreference signal received power (higher layer filtered and beam-formedRSRP) from reference signal transmission power is used as PL_(c).Consequently, a gain of the beam forming is taken into account forpath-loss to be computed.

Δ_(TF,c)(i) is an offset based on a modulation scheme and a code rate(MCS: Modulation and Coding Scheme) applied to a PUSCH.

f_(c)(i) is a correction value of a TPC command. For this correctionvalue, too, this radio communication method prepares a plurality ofcorrection values (or a correction value set) by taking into account acase where beam forming is applied and a case where beam forming is notapplied, and determines (switches) the correction value. Morespecifically, when beam forming is not applied, f_(c)(i) is a correctionvalue that conforms to a table (correction value set) illustrated inFIG. 4A, and, when beam forming is applied, f_(c)(i) is a correctionvalue that conforms to a table (correction value set) illustrated inFIG. 4B.

As described above, above equation (1) defines transmission power of thePUSCH in the subframe i of the cell c as maximum transmission power(P_(CMAX,c)(i)) or less of the user terminal. In a case of transmissionpower less than the maximum transmission power, the transmission poweris defined based on 10log₁₀(M_(PUSCH,c)(i))+P_(0_PUSCH,c)(j)+α_(c)(j)·PL_(c)+Δ_(TF,c)(i)+f_(c)(i)defined by the above parameters.

When, for example, a TPC command field of a DCI format is “00”, f_(c)(i)is “−1 dBm” in a case where beam forming is not applied, and f_(c)(i) is“−3 dBm” in a case where beam forming is applied. When the TPC commandfield is “01”, f_(c)(i) is “0 dBm” irrespectively of whether or not beamforming is applied.

When the TPC command field is “10”, f_(c)(i) is “1 dBm” in the casewhere beam forming is not applied, and f_(c)(i) is “3 dBm” in the casewhere beam forming is applied. When the TPC command field is “11”,f_(c)(i) is “3 dBm” in the case where beam forming is not applied, andf_(c)(i) is “6 dBm” in the case where beam forming is applied.

Thus, a correction value is high (a step size and a variation range arelarge) in the case where beam forming is applied compared to the casewhere beam forming is not applied. A beam of beam forming is formedthin, and therefore an influence (change) caused during movement of theuser terminal or by communication environment is significant.Consequently, by making the correction value larger than an existingcorrection value (a correction value in the case where beam forming isnot applied), it is possible to perform correction matching the beamforming. In other words, it is possible to generate a correction valuethat takes the step size and granularity into account.

In addition, by removing the cell c, the subframe i and thepredetermined subscript j, above P_(CMAX,c)(i), M_(PUSCH,c)(i),P_(0_PUSCH,c)(j), α_(c)(j), PL_(c), Δ_(TF,c)(i) and f_(c)(i) may besimply expressed as P_(CMAX), M_(PUSCH), P_(0_PUSCH), a, PL, andΔ_(TF,f).

Furthermore, the tables illustrated in above FIGS. 4A and 4B may benotified to the user terminal by higher layer signaling that uses atleast one of the MIB, the SIB and the RRC. Furthermore, a table to whichnumerical values matching beam forming types (modes) to be applied havebeen configured may be used. In this case, the beam forming type to beapplied may be notified to the user terminal by the above higher layersignaling. The table and/or the beam forming type may be dynamicallynotified by L1/L2 signaling.

Furthermore, the tables illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B may beoccasionally updated such that the correction value of the TPC commandis a cumulative value of TPC commands included in the DCI.

<Transmission Power Control>

Next, one example of transmission power control of the user terminalaccording to the first aspect will be described with reference to FIG.5. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the user terminal receives bandwidthinformation and beam forming information related to beam forming (S101).

The bandwidth information includes an absolute value of a bandwidth tobe allocated to an uplink signal. The beam forming information includesinformation indicating whether or not to apply beam forming and/orinformation for specifying a beam forming type to be applied. Thebandwidth information and the beam forming information are notified byhigher layer signaling (RRC signaling) or are dynamically notified byL1/L2 signaling.

The user terminal decides whether or not beam forming is applied to theuplink signal based on the beam forming information (S102). When beamforming is not applied (S102, NO), the user terminal determines thetransmission power P_(PUSCH,c)(i) of the uplink signal (PUSCH) by usingabove equation (1) to transmit the PUSCH (S103). In this case, values ina case where beam forming is not applied are used for PL_(c) andf_(c)(i).

More specifically, a value obtained by subtracting RSRP (higher layerfiltered RSRP) from reference signal transmission power (referencesignal power) notified from the radio base station is used for PL_(c)that is the path-loss. Furthermore, f_(c)(i) that is the correctionvalue is obtained from the table illustrated in FIG. 4A. That is, thecorrection value corresponding to a value (two bits) of the TPC commandfield is obtained from the table in FIG. 4A. In addition, the absolutevalue of the bandwidth allocated to the uplink signal is used forM_(PUSCH,c)(i).

On the other hand, when beam forming is applied (S102, YES), the userterminal determines the transmission power P_(PUSCH,c)(i) of the uplinksignal (PUSCH) by using above equation (1) to transmit the PUSCH (S104).In this case, values in the case where beam forming is applied are usedfor PL_(c) and f_(c)(i).

More specifically, a value obtained by subtracting beam-formed referencesignal received power (higher layer filtered and beam-formed RSRP) fromreference signal transmission power (reference signal power) is used forPL_(c) that is the path-loss. Furthermore, f_(c)(i) that is thecorrection value is obtained from the table illustrated in FIG. 4B. Thatis, the correction value corresponding to a value (two bits) of the TPCcommand field is obtained from the table in FIG. 4B.

In addition, the absolute value of the bandwidth allocated to the uplinksignal is used for M_(PUSCH,c)(i) similar to the case where beam formingis not applied.

The transmission power control (S103) in the case where beam forming isnot applied and the transmission power control (S104) in the case wherebeam forming is applied are maintained until the beam forminginformation is changed (updated). When the beam forming information ischanged, processing is performed again from S102. Alternatively, thedecision processing in S102 may be performed at a predeterminedperiodicity.

In addition, according to the processing based on above FIG. 5, the userterminal decides whether or not to apply beam forming. However, the userterminal does not have to perform this decision processing. This isbecause it is considered that whether or not to apply beam forming isdecided by the radio base station. In this case, the user terminal mayperform the processing in FIG. 6 irrespectively of whether or not beamforming is applied.

First, the user terminal receives the bandwidth information and thecorrection value information (S201). The bandwidth information is thesame as that in above FIG. 5. The correction value information isinformation for indicating one of a plurality of correction value sets(table) configured to the user terminal in advance. The correction valueinformation may include the above TPC command.

The user terminal determines path-loss by using a user terminal (UE)specific downlink reference signal or a downlink reference signalassociated with a beam to control transmission power of an uplinksignal. Consequently, it is possible to estimate the path-loss thattakes the beam into account.

Furthermore, a correction value of the indicated correction value set isused (f_(c)(i)). Furthermore, the user terminal uses the absolute valueof the bandwidth allocated to the uplink signal for M_(PUSCH,c)(i)similar to the case where beam forming is not applied.

According to the above processing, irrespectively of whether or not beamforming is applied, the user terminal only needs to perform the sameprocessing.

As described above, according to the first aspect, it is possible toappropriately control transmission power for various techniques such asbeam forming and/or numerologies to be introduced for radiocommunication.

According to, for example, whether or not to apply beam forming, acorrection value indicated by a Transmission Power Control (TPC) commandis switched. Furthermore, according to whether or not to apply beamforming, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and RSRP that takes abeam forming gain into account are switched to estimate path-loss.According to this processing, the beam forming gain is reflected intransmission power control.

Furthermore, the absolute value of the bandwidth to be allocated to theuplink signal (the PUSCH in the first aspect) is used for the bandwidth(the number of Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs)) used for transmissionpower control. A subcarrier spacing and the number of subcarriers of oneRB are reflected in the absolute value of the bandwidth, so that it ispossible to perform transmission power control matching differentnumerologies.

Furthermore, beam forming applied in the first aspect includes analogbeam forming, and multi-beam/multi-stream transmission of the radio basestation/the user terminal. Furthermore, to realize a plurality ofnumerologies, the radio base station may notify the user terminal of thebandwidth information at a predetermined interval (e.g., frame).Furthermore, fractional power control may be realized based on aboveequation (1). Furthermore, a new downlink reference signal may beintroduced to measure path-loss in the case where beam forming isapplied.

(Second Aspect)

Next, the second aspect of a radio communication method according to oneembodiment of the present invention will be described. This radiocommunication method controls transmission power of an uplink signaltransmitted from a user terminal. In addition, the second aspect of thepresent embodiment targets at an uplink shared signal (PUSCH) as atransmission power control target uplink signal.

According to the second aspect, following equation (2) is used in placeof above equation (1) according to the first aspect.

[Mathematical  2] $\begin{matrix}{{P_{{PUSCH},c}(i)} = {\min{\begin{Bmatrix}{{{P_{{CMAX},c}(i)},}\mspace{616mu}} \\{{10{\log_{10}\left( {{nM}_{{PUSCH},c}(i)} \right)}} + {P_{{O\_{PUSCH}},c}(j)} + {{\alpha_{c}(j)} \cdot {PL}_{c}} + {\Delta_{{TF},c}(i)} + {f_{c}(i)}}\end{Bmatrix}\mspace{14mu}\lbrack{dBm}\rbrack}}} & \left( {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 2} \right)\end{matrix}$

Equation (2) differs from above equation (1) in a term ofM_(PUSCH,c)(i). More specifically, although an absolute value of abandwidth to be allocated to an uplink signal is used in the firstaspect, a bandwidth (e.g., the number of resource blocks) for a PUSCHallocated to the user terminal is multiplied with a scaling factor n inthe second aspect.

The scaling factor n is a value that conforms to the numerologies.Hence, nM_(PUSCH,c)(i) of equation (2) is found from the bandwidth (thenumber of PRBs) for the PUSCH and the numerologies, and takes a valuethat reflects the numerologies.

According to the second aspect, transmission power control for whichnM_(PUSCH,c)(i) is used becomes power control that reflects thenumerologies. The scaling factor n may be notified as bandwidthinformation to the user terminal by higher layer signaling that uses atleast one of an MIB, an SIB and RRC. Furthermore, the scaling factor nmay be dynamically notified by L1/L2 signaling.

<Transmission power control> according to the second aspect is the sameas that in the above first aspect except that the bandwidth informationis the scaling factor n and nM_(PUSCH,c)(i) is computed, and thereforedetailed description thereof will be omitted.

According to the second aspect, it is possible to appropriately controltransmission power for various techniques such as beam forming and/ornumerologies to be introduced for radio communication. Particularly, byappropriately configuring the scaling factor n, it is possible toflexibly control transmission power for various types of numerologies.

An effect resulting from whether or not beam forming is appliedaccording to the second aspect is the same as that of the first aspect.For example, according to whether or not to apply beam forming, acorrection value indicated by a Transmission Power Control (TPC) commandis switched. Furthermore, according to whether or not to apply beamforming, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and RSRP that takes abeam forming gain into account are switched to estimate path-loss.According to this processing, the beam forming gain is reflected intransmission power control.

Furthermore, as a bandwidth (the number of Physical Resource Blocks(PRBs)) used for transmission power control, the bandwidth (e.g., thenumber of resource blocks) to be allocated to the uplink signal (thePUSCH in the second aspect) is multiplied with the scaling factor n, sothat a value that reflects the numerologies is computed. By using thevalue computed in this way, it is possible to perform transmission powercontrol matching different numerologies.

Furthermore, beam forming applied in the second aspect includes analogbeam forming, and multi-beam/multi-stream transmission of the radio basestation/the user terminal. Furthermore, to realize a plurality ofnumerologies, the radio base station may notify the user terminal of thebandwidth information at a predetermined interval (e.g., frame).Furthermore, fractional power control may be realized based on aboveequation (2). Furthermore, a new downlink reference signal may beintroduced to measure path-loss in the case where beam forming isapplied.

(Operation According to First Aspect and Second Aspect in Case whereTx/Rx Reciprocity Cannot be Used)

For beam transmission and reception between the radio base station andthe user terminal, a transmission method that uses a beam according towhether or not a beam (Tx BF) applied to transmission and a beam (Rx BF)applied to reception by the radio base station (or the user terminal)match may be appropriately controlled. A case where the beam applied totransmission and the beam applied to reception in the radio base stationmatch may be referred to as a case where a Tx/Rx reciprocity can be used(is supported). On the other hand, a case where the beam applied totransmission and the beam applied to reception do not match may bereferred to as a case where the Tx/Rx reciprocity cannot be used (is notsupported) (see FIGS. 7A and 7B). In this regard, the case where thebeam applied to transmission and the beam applied to reception match isnot limited to a case where the beams completely match, and includes acase, too, where the beams match within a predetermined allowable range.In addition, the Tx/Rx reciprocity may be referred to as a Tx/Rx beamcorrespondence, a Tx/Rx correspondence or a beam correspondence.

A case where the Tx/Rx reciprocity cannot be used will be describedbelow. In this regard, irrespectively of the Tx/Rx reciprocity, a beamforming gain needs to be taken into account for DL measurement.

When the Tx/Rx reciprocity cannot be used, received signal power lowers,and therefore reliability of DL measurement is insufficient in somecases. For example, FIG. 7A illustrates a state where the radio basestation cannot use the Tx/Rx reciprocity. In FIG. 7A, an appropriatebeam for the user terminal is configured in the radio base station totransmit DL measurement. On the other hand, a beam is not appropriatelyconfigured to receive a signal from the user terminal.

Consequently, received signal power from the user terminal lowers, andtherefore the radio base station cannot transmit accurate DLmeasurement. In this regard, the radio base station can recognize thatthe radio base station cannot use the Tx/Rx reciprocity, and thereforecan be configured to correct insufficient received signal power.

The radio base station recognizes that the radio base station cannot usethe Tx/Rx reciprocity, and therefore transmits a signal to the targetuser terminal by a different beam, and the user terminal specifies abeam of high signal received power. Information of the specified beam isfed back to the radio base station. Furthermore, a reference signal istransmitted from the user terminal to the radio base station, and thebeam of the high signal received power is specified. When these twospecified beams are similar, it is decided that the Tx/Rx reciprocitycan be used, and, when this is not the case, it is decided that theTx/Rx reciprocity cannot be used.

More specifically, the radio base station configures a high correctionvalue registered in the table in FIG. 4. In this case, a TPC command maybe used. Consequently, f_(c)(i) becomes large, and signal powertransmitted from the user terminal increases. Therefore, even in asituation that the Tx/Rx reciprocity cannot be used, the user terminalcan use above equations (1) and (2), and received signal power of theradio base station becomes sufficient.

FIG. 7B illustrates a state where the user terminal cannot use the Tx/Rxreciprocity. In FIG. 7B, an appropriate beam for the radio base stationis configured in the user terminal to receive DL measurement. On theother hand, a beam is not appropriately configured to transmit a signalfrom the user terminal.

Therefore, received signal power from the user terminal lowers, and theradio base station cannot transmit accurate DL measurement. In thisregard, the radio base station can be configured to detect anappropriate beam when the user terminal transmits the signal, notify theuser terminal of the appropriate beam, and transmit the uplink signal byusing the beam notified to the user terminal. Therefore, even in asituation that the Tx/Rx reciprocity cannot be used, the user terminalcan use above equations (1) and (2), and received signal power in theradio base station becomes sufficient.

DCI may be used to notify an appropriate beam. Furthermore, the userterminal may perform reception measurement processing in order that theradio base station learns an optimal beam.

As described above, even in a state where the Tx/Rx reciprocity cannotbe used, it is possible to perform appropriate uplink transmission byindicating a TPC command and/or a transmission beam of the userterminal. Consequently, the user terminal can use equation (1) accordingto the first aspect or equation (2) according to the second aspect inboth of the cases in FIGS. 7A and 7B. In this regard, ClosedLoop-Transmission Power Control (CL-TPC) may be applied for thiscorrection. CL-TPC is used, and therefore correction values in thetables in FIGS. 3A and 3B can be preferably configured according to aninstruction from the radio base station.

(Third Aspect)

Next, the third aspect of a radio communication method according to oneembodiment of the present invention will be described. This radiocommunication method controls transmission power of an uplink signaltransmitted from a user terminal. Although a PUSCH is applied to theuplink signal according to the above first aspect and second aspect, itis also considered to apply an uplink control signal (PUCCH) or areference signal (SRS) to the uplink signal.

The third aspect will be described targeting at an SRS as a transmissionpower control target uplink signal. For example, transmission powerP_(SRS,c)(i) of the SRS in a subframe i of a cell c can be expressed byfollowing equation (3).

[Mathematical  3] $\begin{matrix}{{P_{{SRS},c}(i)} = {\min{\begin{Bmatrix}{{{P_{{CMAX},c}(i)},}\mspace{644mu}} \\{{P_{{{SRS}\_{OFFSET}},c}(m)} + {10{\log_{10}\left( M_{{SRS},c} \right)}} + {P_{{O\_{PUSCH}},c}(j)} + {{\alpha_{c}(j)} \cdot {PL}_{c}} + {f_{c}(i)}}\end{Bmatrix}\mspace{11mu}\lbrack{dBm}\rbrack}}} & \left( {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 3} \right)\end{matrix}$

As is clear from comparison between equation (3) and above equation (1),these two equations are very similar. Hence, the same processing asprocessing of M_(PUSCH,c)(i) of equation (1) in the first aspect isapplied to compute M_(SRS,c) of equation (3). That is, M_(SRS,c)indicates an absolute value of a bandwidth to be allocated to an uplinksignal. That the absolute value of the bandwidth is used is the same asthe above first aspect, and therefore detailed description thereof willbe omitted.

Furthermore, the same processing as that applied to PL_(c) of equation(1) in the first aspect is applied to PL_(c) of equation (3). That is, aPL_(c) computing method is switched between a case where beam forming isapplied and a case where beam forming is not applied. Furthermore, thesame processing as that applied to f_(c)(i) of equation (1) in the firstaspect is applied to f_(c)(i) of equation (3). That is, a correctionvalue is switched between a case where beam forming is applied and acase where beam forming is not applied. Switching performed according towhether or not to apply beam forming is the same as that in the abovefirst aspect, and therefore detailed description thereof will beomitted.

<Transmission power control> of the user terminal in the third aspect isthe same as that in the above first aspect, and therefore detaileddescription thereof will be omitted.

According to the above third aspect, it is possible to performtransmission power control of an SRS in the same way as transmissionpower control of a PUSCH in the first aspect, and appropriately controltransmission power for various techniques such as beam forming and/ornumerologies to be introduced for radio communication.

For example, according to whether or not to apply beam forming, acorrection value indicated by a Transmission Power Control (TPC) commandis switched. Furthermore, according to whether or not to apply beamforming, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and RSRP that takes abeam forming gain into account are switched to estimate path-loss.According to this processing, the beam forming gain is reflected intransmission power control.

Furthermore, an absolute value of a bandwidth to be allocated to anuplink signal (the SRS in the third aspect) is used for a bandwidth (thenumber of Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs)) used for transmission powercontrol. A subcarrier spacing and the number of subcarriers of one RBare reflected in the absolute value of the bandwidth, so that it ispossible to perform transmission power control matching differentnumerologies.

(Fourth Aspect)

Next, the fourth aspect of the radio communication method according toone embodiment of the present invention will be described. The fourthaspect of this radio communication method will be described targeting atan SRS as an uplink signal transmitted from a user terminal.

According to the fourth aspect, following equation (4) is used in placeof above equation (3) according to the third aspect.

[Mathematical  4] $\begin{matrix}{{P_{{SRS},c}(i)} = {\min{\begin{Bmatrix}{{{P_{{CMAX},c}(i)},}\mspace{661mu}} \\{{P_{{{SRS}\_{OFFSET}},c}(m)} + {10{\log_{10}\left( {nM}_{{SRS},c} \right)}} + {P_{{O\_{PUSCH}},c}(j)} + {{\alpha_{c}(j)} \cdot {PL}_{c}} + {f_{c}(i)}}\end{Bmatrix}\mspace{11mu}\lbrack{dBm}\rbrack}}} & \left( {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 4} \right)\end{matrix}$

Equation (4) differs from above equation (3) in a term of M_(SRS,c).More specifically, although an absolute value of a bandwidth to beallocated to an uplink signal is used in the third aspect, a bandwidth(e.g., the number of resource blocks) for an SRS allocated to the userterminal is multiplied with a scaling factor n in the fourth aspect.

The scaling factor n is a value that conforms to numerologies. Hence,nM_(SRS,c) of equation (2) is calculated from the bandwidth (the numberof PRBs) for the SRS and the numerologies, and takes a value thatreflects the numerologies.

According to the fourth aspect, transmission power control that usesnM_(SRS,c) is power control that reflects the numerologies. The scalingfactor n may be notified as bandwidth information to the user terminalby higher layer signaling that uses at least one of an MIB, an SIB andRRC. Furthermore, the scaling factor n may be dynamically notified byL1/L2 signaling.

<Transmission power control> of the user terminal according to thefourth aspect is the same as that of the above third aspect except thatthe bandwidth information is the scaling factor n and nM_(SRS,c) iscomputed, and therefore detailed description thereof will be omitted.

According to the fourth aspect, it is possible to appropriately controltransmission power for various techniques such as beam forming and/ornumerologies to be introduced for radio communication. Particularly, byappropriately configuring the scaling factor n, it is possible toflexibly control transmission power for various types of numerologies.An effect resulting from whether or not beam forming is appliedaccording to the fourth aspect is the same as that of the third aspect.

(Radio Communication System)

The configuration of the radio communication system according to thepresent embodiment will be described below. This radio communicationsystem is applied the radio communication method according to each ofthe above aspects. In this regard, the radio communication methodaccording to each of the above aspects may be applied alone or may beapplied in combination.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating one example of a schematicconfiguration of the radio communication system according to the presentembodiment. A radio communication system 1 can apply Carrier Aggregation(CA) and/or Dual Connectivity (DC) that aggregate a plurality of basefrequency blocks (component carriers) whose one unit is a systembandwidth (e.g., 20 MHz) of the LTE system. In this regard, the radiocommunication system 1 may be referred to as SUPER 3G, LTE-Advanced(LTE-A), IMT-Advanced, 4G, 5G, Future Radio Access (FRA) and the NewRadio Access Technology (New-RAT (NR)).

Furthermore, the radio communication system 1 can be applied varioustechniques (numerologies and beam forming).

The radio communication system 1 illustrated in FIG. 8 includes a radiobase station 11 that forms a macro cell C1, and radio base stations 12 ato 12 c that are located in the macro cell C1 and form small cells C2narrower than the macro cell C1. Furthermore, a user terminal 20 islocated in the macro cell C1 and each small cell C2. A differentnumerology may be configured to be applied between cells and/or in eachcell.

The user terminal 20 can connect with both of the radio base station 11and the radio base stations 12. The user terminal 20 is assumed toconcurrently use the macro cell C1 and the small cells C2 that usedifferent frequencies by CA or DC. Furthermore, the user terminal 20 canapply CA or DC by using a plurality of cells (CCs) (e.g., two or moreCCs). Furthermore, the user terminal can use licensed band CCs andunlicensed band CCs as a plurality of cells.

Furthermore, the user terminal 20 can perform communication by usingTime Division Duplex (TDD) or Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) in eachcell. A TDD cell and an FDD cell may be referred to as a TDD carrier(frame configuration type 2) and an FDD carrier (frame configurationtype 1), respectively.

Furthermore, each cell (carrier) may be applied a single numerology ormay be applied a plurality of different numerologies.

The user terminal 20 and the radio base station 11 can communicate byusing a carrier (referred to as a Legacy carrier) of a narrow bandwidthin a relatively low frequency band (e.g., 2 GHz). On the other hand, theuser terminal 20 and each radio base station 12 may use a carrier of awide bandwidth in a relatively high frequency band (e.g., 3.5 GHz, 5 GHzor 30 to 70 GHz) or may use the same carrier as that used between theuser terminal 20 and the radio base station 11. In this regard, aconfiguration of the frequency band used by each radio base station isnot limited to this.

The radio base station 11 and each radio base station 12 (or the tworadio base stations 12) can be configured to be connected by way ofwired connection (e.g., optical fibers compliant with a Common PublicRadio Interface (CPRI) or an X2 interface) or by way of radioconnection.

The radio base station 11 and each radio base station 12 are eachconnected with a higher station apparatus 30 and connected with a corenetwork 40 via the higher station apparatus 30. In this regard, thehigher station apparatus 30 includes, for example, an access gatewayapparatus, a Radio Network Controller (RNC) and a Mobility ManagementEntity (MME), yet is not limited to these. Furthermore, each radio basestation 12 may be connected with the higher station apparatus 30 via theradio base station 11.

In this regard, the radio base station 11 is a radio base station thathas a relatively wide coverage, and may be referred to as a macro basestation, an aggregate node, an eNodeB (eNB), a gNB or atransmission/reception point. Furthermore, each radio base station 12 isa radio base station that has a local coverage, and may be referred toas a small base station, a micro base station, a pico base station, afemto base station, a Home eNodeB (HeNB), a Remote Radio Head (RRH) or atransmission/reception point. The radio base stations 11 and 12 will becollectively referred to as a radio base station 10 below when notdistinguished.

Each user terminal 20 is a terminal that supports various communicationschemes such as LTE and LTE-A, and may include not only a mobilecommunication terminal but also a fixed communication terminal.Furthermore, the user terminal 20 can perform Device To Device (D2D)communication with the other user terminals 20.

The radio communication system 1 applies Orthogonal Frequency-DivisionMultiple Access (OFDMA) to DownLink (DL) and Single Carrier FrequencyDivision Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) to UpLink (UL) as radio accessschemes. OFDMA is a multicarrier transmission scheme that divides afrequency band into a plurality of narrow frequency bands (subcarriers)and maps data on each subcarrier to perform communication. SC-FDMA is asingle carrier transmission scheme that divides a system bandwidth intoa band including one or contiguous resource blocks per terminal andcauses a plurality of terminals to use respectively different bands toreduce an inter-terminal interference. In this regard, uplink anddownlink radio access schemes are not limited to a combination of these,and OFDMA may be used on UL.

The radio communication system 1 uses a DL shared channel (also referredto as a PDSCH: Physical Downlink Shared Channel or a DL data channel)shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (PBCH: PhysicalBroadcast Channel) and an L1/L2 control channel as DL channels. Userdata, higher layer control information and System Information Blocks(SIB) are transmitted on the PDSCH. Furthermore, Master InformationBlocks (MIB) are transmitted on the PBCH.

The L1/L2 control channel includes a DL control channel (a PhysicalDownlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and an Enhanced Physical DownlinkControl Channel (EPDCCH)), a Physical Control Format Indicator Channel(PCFICH) and a Physical Hybrid-ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH). DownlinkControl Information (DCI) including scheduling information of the PDSCHand the PUSCH is transmitted on the PDCCH. The number of OFDM symbolsused for the PDCCH is transmitted on the PCFICH. The EPDCCH is subjectedto frequency division multiplexing with the PDSCH and is used totransmit DCI similar to the PDCCH. Retransmission instructioninformation (ACK/NACK) of HARQ for a PUSCH can be transmitted on atleast one of the PHICH, the PDCCH and the EPDCCH.

The radio communication system 1 uses a UL shared channel (also referredto as a PUSCH: Physical Uplink Shared Channel and a UL data channel)shared by each user terminal 20, a UL control channel (PUCCH: PhysicalUplink Control Channel), and a random access channel (PRACH: PhysicalRandom Access Channel) as UL channels. User data and higher layercontrol information are transmitted on the PUSCH. Uplink ControlInformation (UCI) including at least one of retransmission controlinformation (e.g., A/N) of a DL signal and Channel State Information(CSI) is transmitted on the PUSCH or a PUCCH. A random access preamblefor establishing connection with cells can be transmitted on the PRACH.

Communication between the radio base stations 11 and 12 and the userterminal 20 supports analog beam forming, multi-beam/multi-streamtransmission and a plurality of numerologies.

<Radio Base Station>

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating one example of an overall configurationof the radio base station according to the present embodiment. The radiobase station 10 includes pluralities of transmission/reception antennas101, amplifying sections 102 and transmission/reception sections 103, abaseband signal processing section 104, a call processing section 105and a channel interface 106. In this regard, the radio base station 10only needs to be configured to include one or more of each of thetransmission/reception antennas 101, the amplifying sections 102 and thetransmission/reception sections 103.

User data transmitted from the radio base station 10 to the userterminal 20 on downlink is input from the higher station apparatus 30 tothe baseband signal processing section 104 via the channel interface106.

The baseband signal processing section 104 performs processing of aPacket Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, segmentation andconcatenation of the user data, transmission processing of an RLC layersuch as Radio Link Control (RLC) retransmission control, Medium AccessControl (MAC) retransmission control (such as HARQ transmissionprocessing), and transmission processing such as scheduling,transmission format selection, channel coding, Inverse Fast FourierTransform (IFFT) processing, and precoding processing on the user data,and transfers the user data to each transmission/reception section 103.Furthermore, the baseband signal processing section 104 performstransmission processing such as channel coding and inverse fast Fouriertransform on a downlink control signal, too, and transfers the downlinkcontrol signal to each transmission/reception section 103.

Each transmission/reception section 103 converts a baseband signalprecoded and output per antenna from the baseband signal processingsection 104 into a radio frequency band, and transmits a radio frequencysignal. The radio frequency signal subjected to frequency conversion byeach transmission/reception section 103 is amplified by each amplifyingsection 102, and is transmitted from each transmission/reception antenna101.

The transmission/reception sections 103 can be composed oftransmitters/receivers, transmission/reception circuits ortransmission/reception apparatuses described based on a common knowledgein a technical field according to the present invention. In this regard,the transmission/reception sections 103 may be composed as an integratedtransmission/reception section or may be composed of transmissionsections and reception sections.

On the other hand, each amplifying section 102 amplifies a radiofrequency signal as a UL signal received by each transmission/receptionantenna 101. Each transmission/reception section 103 receives the ULsignal amplified by each amplifying section 102. Eachtransmission/reception section 103 performs frequency conversion on thereceived signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signalto the baseband signal processing section 104.

The baseband signal processing section 104 performs Fast FourierTransform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT)processing, error correcting decoding, reception processing of MACretransmission control, and reception processing of an RLC layer and aPDCP layer on UL data included in the input UL signal, and transfers theUL data to the higher station apparatus 30 via the channel interface106. The call processing section 105 performs call processing such as aconfiguration and release of a communication channel, state managementof the radio base station 10, and radio resource management.

The channel interface 106 transmits and receives signals to and from thehigher station apparatus 30 via a predetermined interface. Furthermore,the channel interface 106 may transmit and receive (backhaul signaling)signals to and from the neighbor radio base station 10 via an inter-basestation interface (e.g., optical fibers compliant with the Common PublicRadio Interface (CPRI) or the X2 interface).

Furthermore, each transmission/reception section 103 receives UEcapability information, and transmits the UE capability information tothe baseband signal processing section 104. Furthermore, eachtransmission/reception section 103 transmits band informationtransmitted from the baseband signal processing section 104 to the userterminal 20.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating one example of a functionconfiguration of the radio base station according to the presentembodiment. In addition, FIG. 10 mainly illustrates function blocks ofcharacteristic portions according to the present embodiment, and assumesthat the radio base station includes other function blocks, too, thatare necessary for radio communication. As illustrated in FIG. 10, thebaseband signal processing section 104 includes a control section 301, atransmission signal generating section 302, a mapping section 303, areceived signal processing section 304 and a measurement section 305.

The control section 301 controls the entire radio base station 10. Thecontrol section 301 controls, for example, DL signal generation of thetransmission signal generating section 302, DL signal mapping of themapping section 303, UL signal reception processing (e.g., demodulation)of the received signal processing section 304, and measurement of themeasurement section 305.

For example, the control section 301 performs control to support atleast one of the first to fourth aspects of the above embodiment. Forexample, the control section 301 performs control to notify the userterminal of at least one of bandwidth information, beam forminginformation and correction value information. More specifically, thecontrol section 301 notifies the user terminal of an absolute value of abandwidth to be allocated to an uplink signal (a PUCCH, a PUSCH or anSRS) as bandwidth information. Furthermore, the control section 301notifies the user terminal of whether or not beam forming is appliedand/or a beam forming mode (type) as beam forming information.Furthermore, the control section 301 notifies the user terminal ofinformation indicating one of a plurality of correction value sets ascorrection value information when a plurality of correction value sets(tables) are provided. Furthermore, the control section 301 may notifythe user terminal of a scaling factor according to numerologies insteadof the absolute value of the bandwidth.

The control section 301 can be composed of a controller, a controlcircuit or a control apparatus described based on the common knowledgein the technical field according to the present invention.

The transmission signal generating section 302 generates DL signals(including DL data, scheduling information and shortened TTIconfiguration information) based on an instruction from the controlsection 301, and outputs the DL signals to the mapping section 303.

The transmission signal generating section 302 can be composed of asignal generator, a signal generating circuit or a signal generatingapparatus described based on the common knowledge in the technical fieldaccording to the present invention.

The mapping section 303 maps the DL signal generated by the transmissionsignal generating section 302, on a predetermined radio resource basedon the instruction from the control section 301, and outputs the DLsignal to each transmission/reception section 103. The mapping section303 can be composed of a mapper, a mapping circuit or a mappingapparatus described based on the common knowledge in the technical fieldaccording to the present invention.

The received signal processing section 304 performs reception processing(e.g., demapping, demodulation and decoding) on a UL signal (e.g., a ULdata signal, a UL control signal, UCI and short TTI support information)transmitted from the user terminal 20. More specifically, the receivedsignal processing section 304 performs reception processing on the ULsignal based on the numerologies configured to the user terminal 20.Furthermore, the received signal processing section 304 may output thereceived signal and the signal after the reception processing to themeasurement section 305. Furthermore, the received signal processingsection 304 performs reception processing on A/N of the DL signal, andoutputs ACK or NACK to the control section 301.

The measurement section 305 performs measurement related to the receivedsignal. The measurement section 305 can be composed of a measurementinstrument, a measurement circuit or a measurement apparatus describedbased on the common knowledge in the technical field according to thepresent invention.

The measurement section 305 may measure UL channel quality based on, forexample, received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP))and/or received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ))of a UL reference signal. The measurement section 305 may output ameasurement result to the control section 301.

<User Terminal>

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating one example of an overallconfiguration of the user terminal according to the present embodiment.The user terminal 20 includes pluralities of transmission/receptionantennas 201 for MIMO transmission, amplifying sections 202 andtransmission/reception sections 203, a baseband signal processingsection 204 and an application section 205.

The amplifying sections 202 amplify radio frequency signals received ata plurality of transmission/reception antennas 201, respectively. Eachtransmission/reception section 203 receives a DL signal amplified byeach amplifying section 202. Each transmission/reception section 203performs frequency conversion on the received signal into a basebandsignal, and outputs the baseband signal to the baseband signalprocessing section 204.

The baseband signal processing section 204 performs FFT processing,error correcting decoding, and reception processing of retransmissioncontrol on the input baseband signal. The baseband signal processingsection 204 transfers DL data to the application section 205. Theapplication section 205 performs processing related to layers higherthan a physical layer and an MAC layer. Furthermore, the baseband signalprocessing section 204 may transfer broadcast information, too, to theapplication section 205.

On the other hand, the application section 205 inputs UL data to thebaseband signal processing section 204. The baseband signal processingsection 204 performs transmission processing of retransmission control(e.g., HARQ transmission processing), channel coding, rate matching,puncturing, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing and IFFTprocessing on the UL data, and transfers the UL data to eachtransmission/reception section 203. The baseband signal processingsection 204 performs channel coding, rate matching, puncturing, DFTprocessing and IFFT processing on the UCI (e.g., DL retransmissioncontrol information and channel state information), too, and transfersthe UCI to each transmission/reception section 203.

The baseband signal processing section 204 may include a plurality ofbandwidth signal systems as described in, for example, above UEconfiguration examples 1 and 2.

Each transmission/reception section 203 converts the baseband signaloutput from the baseband signal processing section 204 into a radiofrequency band, and transmits a radio frequency signal. The radiofrequency signal subjected to the frequency conversion by eachtransmission/reception section 203 is amplified by each amplifyingsection 202, and is transmitted from each transmission/reception antenna201.

Furthermore, each transmission/reception section 203 receives bandinformation, and transmits the band information to the baseband signalprocessing section 204. Furthermore, each transmission/reception section203 transmits UE capability information transmitted from the basebandsignal processing section 204 to the radio base stations 11 and 12. Inthis regard, the band information indicates a DL candidate band that isan allocation candidate band of a DownLink (DL) signal and/or a ULcandidate band that is an allocation candidate band of an UpLink (UL)signal.

Furthermore, each transmission/reception section 203 receives abroadcast signal in a frequency resource corresponding to a frequencyraster that has detected a synchronization signal.

The transmission/reception sections 203 can be composed oftransmitters/receivers, transmission/reception circuits ortransmission/reception apparatuses described based on the commonknowledge in the technical field according to the present invention.Furthermore, the transmission/reception sections 203 may be composed asan integrated transmission/reception section or may be composed oftransmission sections and reception sections.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating one example of a functionconfiguration of the user terminal according to the present embodiment.In addition, FIG. 12 mainly illustrates function blocks ofcharacteristic portions according to the present embodiment, and assumesthat the user terminal 20 includes other function blocks, too, that arenecessary for radio communication. As illustrated in FIG. 12, thebaseband signal processing section 204 of the user terminal 20 includesa control section 401, a transmission signal generating section 402, amapping section 403, a received signal processing section 404 and ameasurement section 405.

The control section 401 controls the entire user terminal 20. Thecontrol section 401 controls, for example, UL signal generation of thetransmission signal generating section 402, UL signal mapping of themapping section 403, DL signal reception processing of the receivedsignal processing section 404, and measurement of the measurementsection 405.

Furthermore, the control section 401 performs control to support atleast one of the first to fourth aspects of the above embodiment. Forexample, the control section 401 controls transmission power of anuplink signal (a PUCCH, a PUSCH or an SRS) based on bandwidthinformation and/or beam forming information notified from the radio basestation. Above equations (1) to (4) may be used.

The control section 401 performs control to use path-loss estimated byusing a downlink UE specific reference signal to which downlink beamforming has been applied and/or a reference signal associated with abeam, and/or Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) for transmissionpower control, and/or determine a correction value indicated by aTransmission Power Control (TPC) command according to application ofbeam forming and the beam forming mode.

Furthermore, the control section 401 performs control to use for abandwidth (the number of Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs)) used for thetransmission power control an absolute value of a bandwidth to beallocated to an uplink signal (e.g., a Physical Uplink Shard Channel(PUSCH), a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) and a SoundingReference Signal (SRS)) or a value computed based on the number ofresource blocks and numerologies.

When controlling transmission power of the uplink signal based on thereceived power or based on the received power and the TPC command, thecontrol section 401 may perform control to use the received power orpath-loss based on the received power.

When applying beam forming to the uplink signal, the control section 401may perform control such that a value indicated by the TPC command islarger than a value in a case where beam forming is not applied to theuplink signal.

Furthermore, the control section 401 uses the absolute value of thebandwidth to be allocated to the uplink signal (the PUSCH in the firstaspect and the SRS in the third aspect) for the bandwidth (the number ofPhysical Resource Blocks (PRBs)) used for transmission power control. Asubcarrier spacing and the number of subcarriers of one RB are reflectedin the absolute value of the bandwidth, and therefore the controlsection 401 may perform transmission power control matching differentnumerologies.

Furthermore, the control section 401 controls the transmission power bymultiplying the bandwidth (e.g., the number of resource blocks) of theuplink signal allocated to the user terminal with the scaling factor n.The scaling factor n is a value that conforms to the numerologies, andthe control section 401 may control transmission power by using thevalue calculated from the bandwidth (the number of PRBs) of the uplinksignal and the numerologies.

The control section 401 can be composed of a controller, a controlcircuit or a control apparatus described based on the common knowledgein the technical field according to the present invention.

The transmission signal generating section 402 generates (e.g., encodes,rate-matches, punctures and modulates) a UL signal (including a UL datasignal, a UL control signal, a UL reference signal, UCI and short TTIsupport information) based on an instruction from the control section401, and outputs the UL signal to the mapping section 403. Thetransmission signal generating section 402 can be composed of a signalgenerator, a signal generating circuit or a signal generating apparatusdescribed based on the common knowledge in the technical field accordingto the present invention.

The mapping section 403 maps the UL signal generated by the transmissionsignal generating section 402, on a radio resource based on theinstruction from the control section 401, and outputs the UL signal toeach transmission/reception section 203. The mapping section 403 can becomposed of a mapper, a mapping circuit or a mapping apparatus describedbased on the common knowledge in the technical field according to thepresent invention.

The received signal processing section 404 performs reception processing(e.g., demapping, demodulation and decoding) on the DL signal (a DL datasignal, scheduling information, a DL control signal, a DL referencesignal and short TTI configuration information). The received signalprocessing section 404 outputs information received from the radio basestation 10 to the control section 401. The received signal processingsection 404 outputs, for example, broadcast information, systeminformation, higher layer control information of higher layer signalingsuch as RRC signaling, and physical layer control information (L1/L2control information) to the control section 401.

The received signal processing section 404 can be composed of a signalprocessor, a signal processing circuit or a signal processing apparatusdescribed based on the common knowledge in the technical field accordingto the present invention. Furthermore, the received signal processingsection 404 can compose the reception section according to the presentinvention.

The measurement section 405 measures a channel state based on areference signal (e.g., CSI-RS) from the radio base station 10, andoutputs a measurement result to the control section 401. In addition,the measurement section 405 may measure a channel state per CC.

The measurement section 405 can be composed of a signal processor, asignal processing circuit or a signal processing apparatus, and ameasurement instrument, a measurement circuit or a measurement apparatusdescribed based on the common knowledge in the technical field accordingto the present invention.

(Hardware Configuration)

In addition, the block diagrams used to describe the above embodimentillustrate blocks in function units. These function blocks (components)are realized by an optional combination of hardware and/or software.Furthermore, means for realizing each function block is not limited inparticular. That is, each function block may be realized by onephysically and/or logically coupled apparatus or may be realized by aplurality of these apparatuses formed by connecting two or morephysically and/or logically separate apparatuses directly and/orindirectly (by way of, for example, wired connection and/or radioconnection).

For example, the radio base station and the user terminal according tothe one embodiment of the present invention may function as computersthat perform processing of the radio communication method according tothe present invention. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating one example ofthe hardware configurations of the radio base station and the userterminal according to the one embodiment of the present invention. Theabove radio base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be each physicallyconfigured as a computer apparatus that includes a processor 1001, amemory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication apparatus 1004, an inputapparatus 1005, an output apparatus 1006 and a bus 1007.

In this regard, a word “apparatus” in the following description can beread as a circuit, a device or a unit. The hardware configurations ofthe radio base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured toinclude one or a plurality of apparatuses illustrated in FIG. 13 or maybe configured without including part of the apparatuses.

For example, FIG. 13 illustrates the only one processor 1001. However,there may be a plurality of processors. Furthermore, processing may beexecuted by one processor or may be executed by one or more processorsconcurrently, successively or by another method. In addition, theprocessor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.

Each function of the radio base station 10 and the user terminal 20 isrealized by, for example, causing hardware such as the processor 1001and the memory 1002 to read predetermined software (program), andthereby causing the processor 1001 to perform an operation, and controlcommunication of the communication apparatus 1004 and reading and/orwriting of data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

The processor 1001 causes, for example, an operating system to operateto control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be composed of aCentral Processing Unit (CPU) including an interface for a peripheralapparatus, a control apparatus, an operation apparatus and a register.For example, the above baseband signal processing section 104 (204) andcall processing section 105 may be realized by the processor 1001.

Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program codes), asoftware module or data from the storage 1003 and/or the communicationapparatus 1004 out to the memory 1002, and executes various types ofprocessing according to these programs, software module or data. As theprograms, programs that cause the computer to execute at least part ofthe operations described in the above embodiment are used. For example,the control section 401 of the user terminal 20 may be realized by acontrol program stored in the memory 1002 and operating on the processor1001, and other function blocks may be also realized likewise.

The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may becomposed of at least one of, for example, a Read Only Memory (ROM), anErasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), an Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), aRandom Access Memory (RAM) and other appropriate storage media. Thememory 1002 may be referred to as a register, a cache or a main memory(main storage apparatus). The memory 1002 can store programs (programcodes) and a software module that can be executed to carry out the radiocommunication method according to the one embodiment of the presentinvention.

The storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may becomposed of at least one of, for example, a flexible disk, a floppy(registered trademark) disk, a magnetooptical disk (e.g., a compact disk(Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disk and a Blu-ray(registered trademark) disk), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, asmart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, a stick or a keydrive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server and other appropriatestorage media. The storage 1003 may be referred to as an auxiliarystorage apparatus.

The communication apparatus 1004 is hardware (transmission/receptiondevice) that performs communication between computers via a wired and/orradio network, and is also referred to as, for example, a networkdevice, a network controller, a network card and a communication module.The communication apparatus 1004 may be configured to include a highfrequency switch, a duplexer, a filter and a frequency synthesizer torealize, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and/or TimeDivision Duplex (TDD). For example, the above transmission/receptionantennas 101 (201), amplifying sections 102 (202),transmission/reception sections 103 (203) and channel interface 106 maybe realized by the communication apparatus 1004.

The input apparatus 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse,a microphone, a switch, a button or a sensor) that accepts an input froman outside. The output apparatus 1006 is an output device (e.g., adisplay, a speaker or a Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamp) that sends anoutput to the outside. In addition, the input apparatus 1005 and theoutput apparatus 1006 may be an integrated component (e.g., touchpanel).

Furthermore, each apparatus such as the processor 1001 or the memory1002 is connected by the bus 1007 that communicates information. The bus1007 may be composed of a single bus or may be composed of buses thatare different between apparatuses.

Furthermore, the radio base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may beconfigured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a DigitalSignal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit(ASIC), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD) and a Field Programmable GateArray (FPGA). The hardware may realize part or all of each functionblock. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented by at leastone of these types of hardware.

Modified Example

In addition, each term that is described in this description and/or eachterm that is necessary to understand this description may be replacedwith terms having identical or similar meanings. For example, a channeland/or a symbol may be signals (signaling). Furthermore, a signal may bea message. A reference signal can be also abbreviated as an RS(Reference Signal), or may be also referred to as a pilot or a pilotsignal depending on standards to be applied. Furthermore, a ComponentCarrier (CC) may be referred to as a cell, a frequency carrier and acarrier frequency.

Furthermore, a radio frame may include one or a plurality of periods(frames) in a time domain. Each of one or a plurality of periods(frames) that composes a radio frame may be referred to as a subframe.Furthermore, the subframe may include one or a plurality of slots in thetime domain. The subframe may be a fixed time duration (e.g., one ms)that does not depend on the numerologies.

Furthermore, the slot may include one or a plurality of symbols(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols or SingleCarrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols) in thetime domain. Furthermore, the slot may be a time unit based on thenumerologies. Furthermore, the slot may include a plurality of minislots. Each mini slot may include one or a plurality of symbols in thetime domain. Furthermore, the mini slot may be referred to as a subslot.

The radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the mini slot and the symboleach indicate a time unit for transmitting signals. The othercorresponding names may be used for the radio frame, the subframe, theslot, the mini slot and the symbol. For example, one subframe may bereferred to as a Transmission Time Interval (TTI), a plurality ofcontiguous subframes may be referred to as TTIs, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, the subframe and/or the TTImay be a subframe (one ms) according to legacy LTE, may be a period(e.g., 1 to 13 symbols) shorter than one ms or may be a period longerthan one ms. In addition, a unit that indicates the TTI may be referredto as a slot or a mini slot instead of a subframe.

In this regard, the TTI refers to, for example, a minimum time unit ofscheduling for radio communication. For example, in the LTE system, theradio base station performs scheduling for allocating radio resources (afrequency bandwidth or transmission power that can be used by each userterminal) in TTI units to each user terminal. In this regard, adefinition of the TTI is not limited to this.

The TTI may be a transmission time unit of a channel-coded data packet(transport block), a code block and/or a codeword, or may be aprocessing unit of scheduling or link adaptation. In addition, when theTTI is given, a time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) in which atransport block, a code block and/or a codeword are actually mapped maybe shorter than the TTI.

In addition, when one slot or one mini slot is referred to as a TTI, oneor more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini slots) may bea minimum time unit of scheduling. Furthermore, the number of slots (thenumber of mini slots) that compose a minimum time unit of the schedulingmay be controlled.

The TTI having the time duration of one ms may be referred to as ageneral TTI (TTIs according to LTE Rel. 8 to 12), a normal TTI, a longTTI, a general subframe, a normal subframe or a long subframe. A TTIshorter than the general TTI may be referred to as a shortened TTI, ashort TTI, a partial or fractional TTI, a shortened subframe, a shortsubframe, a mini slot or a subslot.

In addition, the long TTI (e.g., the general TTI or the subframe) may beread as a TTI having a time duration exceeding one ms, and the short TTI(e.g., the shortened TTI) may be read as a TTI having a TTI length lessthan the TTI length of the long TTI and equal to or more than one ms.

Resource Blocks (RBs) are resource block allocation units of the timedomain and the frequency domain, and may include one or a plurality ofcontiguous subcarriers in the frequency domain. Furthermore, the RB mayinclude one or a plurality of symbols in the time domain or may have thelength of one slot, one mini slot, one subframe or one TTI. One TTI orone subframe may be each composed of one or a plurality of resourceblocks. In this regard, one or a plurality of RBs may be referred to asa Physical Resource Block (PRB: Physical RB), a Sub-Carrier Group (SCG),a Resource Element Group (REG), a PRB pair or an RB pair.

Furthermore, the resource block may be composed of one or a plurality ofResource Elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resourcedomain of one subcarrier and one symbol.

In this regard, structures of the above radio frame, subframe, slot,mini slot and symbol are only exemplary structures. For example,configurations such as the number of subframes included in a radioframe, the number of slots per a subframe or a radio frame, the numberof mini slots included in a slot, the numbers of symbols and RBsincluded in a slot or a mini slot, the number of subcarriers included inan RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, a symbol length and a CyclicPrefix (CP) length can be variously changed.

Furthermore, the information and parameters described in thisdescription may be expressed by absolute values, may be expressed byrelative values with respect to predetermined values or may be expressedby other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may beindicated by a predetermined index. Furthermore, numerical expressionsthat use these parameters may be different from those explicitlydisclosed in this description.

Names used for parameters in this description are by no meansrestrictive ones. For example, various channels (the Physical UplinkControl Channel (PUCCH) and the Physical Downlink Control Channel(PDCCH)) and information elements can be identified based on varioussuitable names. Therefore, various names assigned to these variouschannels and information elements are by no means restrictive ones.

The information and the signals described in this description may beexpressed by using one of various different techniques. For example, thedata, the instructions, the commands, the information, the signals, thebits, the symbols and the chips mentioned in the above entiredescription may be expressed as voltages, currents, electromagneticwaves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons,or optional combinations of these.

Furthermore, the information and the signals can be output from a higherlayer to a lower layer and/or from the lower layer to the higher layer.The information and the signals may be input and output via a pluralityof network nodes.

The input and output information and signals may be stored in a specificlocation (e.g., memory) or may be managed by a management table. Theinput and output information and signals can be overwritten, updated oradditionally written. The output information and signals may be deleted.The input information and signals may be transmitted to otherapparatuses.

Notification of information is not limited to the aspects/embodimentdescribed in this description and may be performed by other methods. Forexample, the information may be notified by physical layer signaling(e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information(UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC)signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Blocks (MIB) andSystem Information Blocks (SIB)), and Medium Access Control (MAC)signaling), other signals or combinations of these.

In addition, the physical layer signaling may be referred to as Layer1/Layer 2 (L1/L2) control information (L1/L2 control signal) or L1control information (L1 control signal). Furthermore, the RRC signalingmay be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, anRRCConnectionSetup message or an RRCConnectionReconfiguration message.Furthermore, the MAC signaling may be notified by, for example, an MACControl Element (MAC CE).

Furthermore, notification of predetermined information (e.g.,notification of “being X”) may be made not only explicitly but alsoimplicitly (by, for example, not notifying this predeterminedinformation or by notifying another information).

Decision may be performed based on a value (0 or 1) expressed by onebit, may be performed based on a boolean expressed by true or false ormay be performed by comparing numerical values (e.g., comparison with apredetermined value).

Irrespectively of whether software is referred to as software, firmware,middleware, a microcode or a hardware description language or as othernames, the software should be widely interpreted to mean a command, acommand set, a code, a code segment, a program code, a program, asubprogram, a software module, an application, a software application, asoftware package, a routine, a subroutine, an object, an executablefile, an execution thread, a procedure or a function.

Furthermore, software, commands and information may be transmitted andreceived via transmission media. When, for example, the software istransmitted from websites, servers or other remote sources by usingwired techniques (e.g., coaxial cables, optical fiber cables, twistedpairs and Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL)) and/or radio techniques (e.g.,infrared rays and microwaves), these wired techniques and/or radiotechnique are included in a definition of the transmission media.

The terms “system” and “network” used in this description are compatiblyused.

In this description, the terms “Base Station (BS)”, “radio basestation”, “eNB”, “gNB”, “cell”, “sector”, “cell group”, “carrier” and“component carrier” can be compatibly used. The base station is alsoreferred to as a term such as a fixed station, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB),an access point, a transmission point, a reception point, a femtocell ora small cell in some cases.

The base station can accommodate one or a plurality of (e.g., three)cells (also referred to as sectors). When the base station accommodatesa plurality of cells, an entire coverage area of the base station can bepartitioned into a plurality of smaller areas. Each smaller area canprovide communication service via a base station subsystem (e.g., indoorsmall base station (RRH: Remote Radio Head)). The term “cell” or“sector” indicates part or the entirety of the coverage area of the basestation and/or the base station subsystem that provide communicationservice in this coverage.

In this description, the terms “Mobile Station (MS)”, “user terminal”,“User Equipment (UE)” and “terminal” can be compatibly used. The basestation is also referred to as a term such as a fixed station, a NodeB,an eNodeB (eNB), an access point, a transmission point, a receptionpoint, a femtocell or a small cell in some cases.

The mobile station is also referred to by a person skilled in the art asa subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit,a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wirelesscommunication device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, anaccess terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remoteterminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client or someother appropriate terms in some cases.

Furthermore, the radio base station in this description may be read asthe user terminal. For example, each aspect/embodiment of the presentinvention may be applied to a configuration where communication betweenthe radio base station and the user terminal is replaced withcommunication between a plurality of user terminals (D2D:Device-to-Device). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configuredto include the functions of the above radio base station 10.Furthermore, words such as “uplink” and “downlink” may be read as“sides”. For example, the uplink channel may be read as a side channel.

Similarly, the user terminal in this description may be read as theradio base station. In this case, the radio base station 10 may beconfigured to include the functions of the above user terminal 20.

In this description, specific operations performed by the base stationare performed by an upper node of this base station depending on cases.Obviously, in a network including one or a plurality of network nodesincluding the base stations, various operations performed to communicatewith a terminal can be performed by base stations, one or more networknodes (that are supposed to be, for example, Mobility ManagementEntities (MME) or Serving-Gateways (S-GW) yet are not limited to these)other than the base stations or a combination of these.

Each aspect/embodiment described in this description may be used alone,may be used in combination or may be switched and used when carried out.Furthermore, orders of the processing procedures, the sequences and theflowchart according to each aspect/embodiment described in thisdescription may be rearranged unless contradictions arise. For example,the method described in this description presents various step elementsin an exemplary order and is not limited to the presented specificorder.

Each aspect/embodiment described in this description may be applied toLong Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B),SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, the 4th generation mobile communication system(4G), the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), Future RadioAccess (FRA), the New Radio Access Technology (New-RAT), New Radio (NR),New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), GlobalSystem for Mobile communications (GSM) (registered trademark), CDMA2000,Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registeredtrademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20,Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems that useother appropriate radio communication methods and/or next-generationsystems that are expanded based on these systems.

The phrase “based on” used in this description does not mean “based onlyon” unless specified otherwise. In other words, the phrase “based on”means both of “based only on” and “based at least on”.

Every reference to elements that use names such as “first” and “second”used in this description does not generally limit the quantity or theorder of these elements. These names can be used in this description asa convenient method for distinguishing between two or more elements.Hence, the reference to the first and second elements does not mean thatonly two elements can be employed or the first element should precedethe second element in some way.

The term “deciding (determining)” used in this description includesdiverse operations in some cases. For example, “deciding (determining)”may be regarded to “decide (determine)” “calculating”, “computing”,“processing”, “deriving”, “investigating”, “looking up” (e.g., lookingup in a table, a database or another data structure) and “ascertaining”.Furthermore, “deciding (determining)” may be regarded to “decide(determine)” “receiving” (e.g., receiving information), “transmitting”(e.g., transmitting information), “input”, “output” and “accessing”(e.g., accessing data in a memory). Furthermore, “deciding(determining)” may be regarded to “decide (determine)” “resolving”,“selecting”, “choosing”, “establishing” and “comparing”. That is,“deciding (determining)” may be regarded to “decide (determine)” someoperation.

The words “connected” and “coupled” used in this description or everymodification of these words can mean every direct or indirect connectionor coupling between two or more elements, and can include that one ormore intermediate elements exist between the two elements “connected” or“coupled” with each other. The elements may be coupled or connectedphysically, logically or by way of a combination of physical and logicalconnections. For example, “connection” may be read as “access”. It canbe understood that, when used in this description, the two elements are“connected” or “coupled” with each other by using one or more electricwires, cables and/or printed electrical connection, and by usingelectromagnetic energy having wavelengths in radio frequency domains,microwave domains and/or (both of visible and invisible) light domainsin some non-restrictive and incomprehensive examples.

When the words “including” and “comprising” and modifications of thesewords are used in this description or the claims, these words intend tobe comprehensive similar to the word “having”. Furthermore, the word“or” used in this description or the claims intends not to be anexclusive OR.

The present invention has been described in detail above. However, it isobvious for a person skilled in the art that the present invention isnot limited to the embodiment described in this description. The presentinvention can be carried out as modified and changed aspects withoutdeparting from the gist and the scope of the present invention definedby the recitation of the claims. Accordingly, the disclosure of thisdescription intends for exemplary explanation, and does not have anyrestrictive meaning to the present invention.

1. An apparatus comprising: a communication module that comprises: atransmitter that carries out an uplink transmission of an uplink sharedchannel (physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)); and a processor thatcontrols a transmission power used in the uplink transmission based on:a value that is calculated based on a number of resource blocks of theuplink transmission and one of a plurality of numerologies havingdifferent subcarrier spacings, and a transmission power command (TPC)included in a downlink control information (DCI) format, whereininformation about the one of the plurality of numerologies is receivedvia higher layer signaling; and an input apparatus that accepts aninput, wherein the PUSCH contains information based on the input.
 2. Theapparatus according to claim 1, wherein the input apparatus is at leastone of a microphone, a switch, a button and a sensor.
 3. The apparatusaccording to claim 1, wherein the input apparatus is a touch panel.
 4. Asystem comprising an apparatus and a base station, wherein the apparatuscomprises: a communication module that comprises: a transmitter thatcarries out an uplink transmission of an uplink shared channel (physicaluplink shared channel (PUSCH)); and a processor that controls atransmission power used in the uplink transmission based on: a valuethat is calculated based on a number of resource blocks of the uplinktransmission and one of a plurality of numerologies having differentsubcarrier spacings, and a transmission power command (TPC) included ina downlink control information (DCI) format, wherein information aboutthe one of the plurality of numerologies is received via higher layersignaling; and an input apparatus that accepts an input, wherein thePUSCH contains information based on the input, and the base stationcomprises: a transmitter that transmits the information about the one ofthe plurality of numerologies to the apparatus by the higher layersignaling; and a receiver that receives from the apparatus the PUSCH.